Constipation

Description

Difficult, unpleasant or irregular bowel movements. The stool is usually hard and dry. Constipation is usually harmless, but it can point out to main disorder. Severe constipation can lead to fecal impaction, i.e. retaining of fecal mass in the bowels, which, if not removed, can result in fecal obstruction. Primarycauses of constipation include dehydration, low activity level, medicines (particularly narcotics), stress, pregnancy, laxative abuse, depression, nutrition low in fiber and low levels of thyroid gland hormone.

Symptoms

Inability to have a stool, rectal pain, spasms in abdomen, nausea, vomiting.

Overview

History of disease is being taken and physical examination is being performed. Generally, except the exam, no other tests are required, although thyroid gland hormone test might be recommended. CT scan is recommended occasionally to eliminate more serious causes of the constipation.

Tests

CT scan and X-rays

Specialists

General Practice, Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine

Therapy

Treatment includes medicines for increasing the water level in the stool, laxatives, enemas and /or digital disimpaction. Prevention of recidivism involves increase of dietary fiber, exercising and intake of liquids. Chronic use of “stool softeners” might be necessary. Altering the medicines that contribute to the constipation (like some painkillers) might be useful.