Listeria (serious bacterial illness)

Description

Lysteria monocytogenes is bacteria which causes listeria when contaminated food is being consumed. Listeria causes fever, chills, headache, vomiting and may be fatal. A bacteria Lysteria is unique since it can live and multiply on low temperatures in the fridge. Only a heat can kill this germ. The bacteria does not change the taste and smell of the food and the patiens may get sick within 2-30 days after having consumed the contaminated food. Pregnant women, patients with weak immune system and elderly are the most vulnerable and should be especially cautious with certain food. The best way to prevent the infection is to use food which has been well processed thermically and to eat it while it is fresh, avoid raw milk, eat only cheese made from pasteurized milk, rinse well fresh fruit and vegetables, wipe the outside of the melons before cutting, avoid minced meat and seafood. Preaparing the food on high temperatures is the only way to protect ourselves from this bacterial infection.

Symptoms

Fever, muscle pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, incoordination and seizures. Pregnant women who experience symptoms similar to flu should immediately contact a doctor since the infection may cause miscarriage.

Overview

History of disease is being taken and physical examination is being done. Baceria may be detected in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.

Tests

Blood culture and culture of cerebrospinal fluid.

Specialists

General Practice, Infectology, Internal Medicine, Gynecology

Therapy

Treatment requires intravenous antibiotics and duration of the treatment varies depending on location of the infection in the body. Antibiotics which are usually used are ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. Other treatments may be given depending on the severity of infection.